November 2016 – awsh.org

I added an arduino/SI5351 vfo that I had previously made for a dc receiver to my new bitx40 module. I tweaked the arduino code to add the offset, and added a low pass filter to the output of the SI5351. On the bitx board, I desoldered a leg of the L4 coil and plugged the output of the SI5351 to the DDS pins and it worked perfectly.

Here is the code that I used for the vfo. It still needs some cleanup and I plan to add a few more features, but it is enough to get the vfo working. It is based on code from Jason Mildrum, NT7S, Przemek Sadowski, SQ9NJE, and Tom Hall, AK2B.

#include <Rotary.h>
#include <si5351.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>


#define F_MIN        100000000UL               // Lower frequency limit
#define F_MAX        5000000000UL

#define ENCODER_A    2                      // Encoder pin A
#define ENCODER_B    3                      // Encoder pin B
#define ENCODER_BTN  11
#define LCD_RS		5
#define LCD_E		  6
#define LCD_D4		7
#define LCD_D5		8
#define LCD_D6		9
#define LCD_D7		10

LiquidCrystal lcd(LCD_RS, LCD_E, LCD_D4, LCD_D5, LCD_D6, LCD_D7);       // LCD - pin assignement in
Si5351 si5351;
Rotary r = Rotary(ENCODER_A, ENCODER_B);
volatile int32_t LSB = -1199950000ULL;
volatile int32_t USB = -1200150000ULL;
volatile int32_t bfo = -1200150000ULL; //start in usb
//These USB/LSB frequencies are added to or subtracted from the vfo frequency in the "Loop()"
//In this example my start frequency will be 14.20000 plus 9.001500 or clk0 = 23.2015Mhz
volatile int32_t vfo = 700000000ULL / SI5351_FREQ_MULT; //start freq - change to suit
volatile uint32_t radix = 100;	//start step size - change to suit
boolean changed_f = 0;
String tbfo = "";

//------------------------------- Set Optional Features here --------------------------------------
//Remove comment (//) from the option you want to use. Pick only one
#define IF_Offset //Output is the display plus or minus the bfo frequency
//#define Direct_conversion //What you see on display is what you get
//#define FreqX4  //output is four times the display frequency
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


/**************************************/
/* Interrupt service routine for      */
/* encoder frequency change           */
/**************************************/
ISR(PCINT2_vect) {
  unsigned char result = r.process();
  if (result == DIR_CW)
    set_frequency(1);
  else if (result == DIR_CCW)
    set_frequency(-1);
}
/**************************************/
/* Change the frequency               */
/* dir = 1    Increment               */
/* dir = -1   Decrement               */
/**************************************/
void set_frequency(short dir)
{
  if (dir == 1)
    vfo += radix;
  if (dir == -1)
    vfo -= radix;

   changed_f = 1;
}
/**************************************/
/* Read the button with debouncing    */
/**************************************/
boolean get_button()
{
  if (!digitalRead(ENCODER_BTN))
  {
    delay(20);
    if (!digitalRead(ENCODER_BTN))
    {
      while (!digitalRead(ENCODER_BTN));
      return 1;
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

/**************************************/
/* Displays the frequency             */
/**************************************/
void display_frequency()
{
  uint16_t f, g;

  lcd.setCursor(3, 0);
  f = vfo / 1000000; 	//variable is now vfo instead of 'frequency'
  if (f < 10)
    lcd.print(' ');
  lcd.print(f);
  lcd.print('.');
  f = (vfo % 1000000) / 1000;
  if (f < 100)
    lcd.print('0');
  if (f < 10)
    lcd.print('0');
  lcd.print(f);
  lcd.print('.');
  f = vfo % 1000;
  if (f < 100)
    lcd.print('0');
  if (f < 10)
    lcd.print('0');
  lcd.print(f);
  lcd.print("Hz");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(tbfo);
  //Serial.println(vfo + bfo);
  //Serial.println(tbfo);

}

/**************************************/
/* Displays the frequency change step */
/**************************************/
void display_radix()
{
  lcd.setCursor(9, 1);
  switch (radix)
  {
    case 1:
      lcd.print("    1");
      break;
    case 10:
      lcd.print("   10");
      break;
    case 100:
      lcd.print("  100");
      break;
    case 1000:
      lcd.print("   1k");
      break;
    case 10000:
      lcd.print("  10k");
      break;
    case 100000:
      //lcd.setCursor(10, 1);
      lcd.print(" 100k");
      break;
      //case 1000000:
      //lcd.setCursor(9, 1);
      //lcd.print("1000k"); //1MHz increments
      //break;
  }
  lcd.print("Hz");
}


void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(19200);
  lcd.begin(16, 2);                                                    // Initialize and clear the LCD
  lcd.clear();
  Wire.begin();

  si5351.set_correction(140); //**mine. There is a calibration sketch in File/Examples/si5351Arduino-Jason
  //where you can determine the correction by using the serial monitor.

  //initialize the Si5351
  si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0); //If you're using a 27Mhz crystal, put in 27000000 instead of 0
  // 0 is the default crystal frequency of 25Mhz.

  si5351.set_pll(SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_PLLA);
  // Set CLK0 to output the starting "vfo" frequency as set above by vfo = ?

#ifdef IF_Offset
  //Serial.println((long)((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo) * -1);
  si5351.set_freq(((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo) * -1, SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);
  volatile uint32_t vfoT = abs((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo);
  tbfo = "USB";
  // Set CLK2 to output bfo frequency
  si5351.set_freq( bfo, 0, SI5351_CLK2);
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0,SI5351_DRIVE_2MA); //you can set this to 2MA, 4MA, 6MA or 8MA
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK1,SI5351_DRIVE_2MA); //be careful though - measure into 50ohms
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2,SI5351_DRIVE_2MA); //
#endif

#ifdef Direct_conversion
  si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT), SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);
#endif

#ifdef FreqX4
  si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) * 4, SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);
#endif

  pinMode(ENCODER_BTN, INPUT_PULLUP);
  PCICR |= (1 << PCIE2);           // Enable pin change interrupt for the encoder
  PCMSK2 |= (1 << PCINT18) | (1 << PCINT19);
  sei();
  display_frequency();  // Update the display
  display_radix();
}


void loop()
{
  // Update the display if the frequency has been changed
  if (changed_f)
  {
    display_frequency();

#ifdef IF_Offset
    //Serial.println((long)((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo) * -1);
    si5351.set_freq(((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo) * -1, SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);
    //you can also subtract the bfo to suit your needs
    //si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) - bfo  , SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);

    if (vfo >= 10000000ULL & tbfo != "USB")
    {
      bfo = USB;
      tbfo = "USB";
      si5351.set_freq( bfo, 0, SI5351_CLK2);
      Serial.println("We've switched from LSB to USB");
    }
    else if (vfo < 10000000ULL & tbfo != "LSB")
    {
      bfo = LSB;
      tbfo = "LSB";
      si5351.set_freq( bfo, 0, SI5351_CLK2);
      Serial.println("We've switched from USB to LSB");
    }
#endif

#ifdef Direct_conversion
    si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT), SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);
    tbfo = "";
#endif

#ifdef FreqX4
    si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) * 4, SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);
    tbfo = "";
#endif

    changed_f = 0;
  }

  // Button press changes the frequency change step for 1 Hz steps
  if (get_button())
  {
    switch (radix)
    {
      case 1:
        radix = 10;
        break;
      case 10:
        radix = 100;
        break;
      case 100:
        radix = 1000;
        break;
      case 1000:
        radix = 10000;
        break;
      case 10000:
        radix = 100000;
        break;
      case 100000:
        radix = 1;
        break;
    }
    display_radix();
  }
}

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#include <Rotary.h>

#include <si5351.h>

#include <Wire.h>

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

#define F_MIN 100000000UL // Lower frequency limit

#define F_MAX 5000000000UL

#define ENCODER_A 2 // Encoder pin A

#define ENCODER_B 3 // Encoder pin B

#define ENCODER_BTN 11

#define LCD_RS 5

#define LCD_E 6

#define LCD_D4 7

#define LCD_D5 8

#define LCD_D6 9

#define LCD_D7 10

LiquidCrystal lcd(LCD_RS, LCD_E, LCD_D4, LCD_D5, LCD_D6, LCD_D7); // LCD - pin assignement in

Si5351 si5351;

Rotary r = Rotary(ENCODER_A, ENCODER_B);

volatile int32_t LSB = -1199950000ULL;

volatile int32_t USB = -1200150000ULL;

volatile int32_t bfo = -1200150000ULL; //start in usb

//These USB/LSB frequencies are added to or subtracted from the vfo frequency in the "Loop()"

//In this example my start frequency will be 14.20000 plus 9.001500 or clk0 = 23.2015Mhz

volatile int32_t vfo = 700000000ULL / SI5351_FREQ_MULT; //start freq - change to suit

volatile uint32_t radix = 100; //start step size - change to suit

boolean changed_f = 0;

String tbfo = "";

//------------------------------- Set Optional Features here --------------------------------------

//Remove comment (//) from the option you want to use. Pick only one

#define IF_Offset //Output is the display plus or minus the bfo frequency

//#define Direct_conversion //What you see on display is what you get

//#define FreqX4 //output is four times the display frequency

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/**************************************/

/* Interrupt service routine for */

/* encoder frequency change */

/**************************************/

ISR(PCINT2_vect) {

unsigned char result = r.process();

if (result == DIR_CW)

set_frequency(1);

else if (result == DIR_CCW)

set_frequency(-1);

}

/**************************************/

/* Change the frequency */

/* dir = 1 Increment */

/* dir = -1 Decrement */

/**************************************/

void set_frequency(short dir)

{

if (dir == 1)

vfo += radix;

if (dir == -1)

vfo -= radix;

changed_f = 1;

}

/**************************************/

/* Read the button with debouncing */

/**************************************/

boolean get_button()

{

if (!digitalRead(ENCODER_BTN))

{

delay(20);

if (!digitalRead(ENCODER_BTN))

{

while (!digitalRead(ENCODER_BTN));

return 1;

}

return 0;

}

/**************************************/

/* Displays the frequency */

/**************************************/

void display_frequency()

{

uint16_t f, g;

lcd.setCursor(3, 0);

f = vfo / 1000000; //variable is now vfo instead of 'frequency'

if (f < 10)

lcd.print(' ');

lcd.print(f);

lcd.print('.');

f = (vfo % 1000000) / 1000;

if (f < 100)

lcd.print('0');

if (f < 10)

lcd.print('0');

lcd.print(f);

lcd.print('.');

f = vfo % 1000;

if (f < 100)

lcd.print('0');

if (f < 10)

lcd.print('0');

lcd.print(f);

lcd.print("Hz");

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);

lcd.print(tbfo);

//Serial.println(vfo + bfo);

//Serial.println(tbfo);

}

/**************************************/

/* Displays the frequency change step */

/**************************************/

void display_radix()

{

lcd.setCursor(9, 1);

switch (radix)

{

case 1:

lcd.print(" 1");

break;

case 10:

lcd.print(" 10");

break;

case 100:

lcd.print(" 100");

break;

case 1000:

lcd.print(" 1k");

break;

case 10000:

lcd.print(" 10k");

break;

case 100000:

//lcd.setCursor(10, 1);

lcd.print(" 100k");

break;

//case 1000000:

//lcd.setCursor(9, 1);

//lcd.print("1000k"); //1MHz increments

//break;

}

lcd.print("Hz");

}

void setup()

{

Serial.begin(19200);

lcd.begin(16, 2); // Initialize and clear the LCD

lcd.clear();

Wire.begin();

si5351.set_correction(140); //**mine. There is a calibration sketch in File/Examples/si5351Arduino-Jason

//where you can determine the correction by using the serial monitor.

//initialize the Si5351

si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0); //If you're using a 27Mhz crystal, put in 27000000 instead of 0

// 0 is the default crystal frequency of 25Mhz.

si5351.set_pll(SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_PLLA);

// Set CLK0 to output the starting "vfo" frequency as set above by vfo = ?

#ifdef IF_Offset

//Serial.println((long)((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo) * -1);

si5351.set_freq(((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo) * -1, SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);

volatile uint32_t vfoT = abs((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo);

tbfo = "USB";

// Set CLK2 to output bfo frequency

si5351.set_freq( bfo, 0, SI5351_CLK2);

//si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0,SI5351_DRIVE_2MA); //you can set this to 2MA, 4MA, 6MA or 8MA

//si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK1,SI5351_DRIVE_2MA); //be careful though - measure into 50ohms

//si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2,SI5351_DRIVE_2MA); //

#endif

#ifdef Direct_conversion

si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT), SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);

#endif

#ifdef FreqX4

si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) * 4, SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);

#endif

pinMode(ENCODER_BTN, INPUT_PULLUP);

PCICR |= (1 << PCIE2); // Enable pin change interrupt for the encoder

PCMSK2 |= (1 << PCINT18) | (1 << PCINT19);

sei();

display_frequency(); // Update the display

display_radix();

}

void loop()

{

// Update the display if the frequency has been changed

if (changed_f)

{

display_frequency();

#ifdef IF_Offset

//Serial.println((long)((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo) * -1);

si5351.set_freq(((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) + bfo) * -1, SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);

//you can also subtract the bfo to suit your needs

//si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) - bfo , SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);

if (vfo >= 10000000ULL & tbfo != "USB")

{

bfo = USB;

tbfo = "USB";

si5351.set_freq( bfo, 0, SI5351_CLK2);

Serial.println("We've switched from LSB to USB");

}

else if (vfo < 10000000ULL & tbfo != "LSB")

{

bfo = LSB;

tbfo = "LSB";

si5351.set_freq( bfo, 0, SI5351_CLK2);

Serial.println("We've switched from USB to LSB");

}

#endif

#ifdef Direct_conversion

si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT), SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);

tbfo = "";

#endif

#ifdef FreqX4

si5351.set_freq((vfo * SI5351_FREQ_MULT) * 4, SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_CLK0);

tbfo = "";

#endif

changed_f = 0;

}

// Button press changes the frequency change step for 1 Hz steps

if (get_button())

{

switch (radix)

{

case 1:

radix = 10;

break;

case 10:

radix = 100;

break;

case 100:

radix = 1000;

break;

case 1000:

radix = 10000;

break;

case 10000:

radix = 100000;

break;

case 100000:

radix = 1;

break;

}

display_radix();

}

bitx_mod_2_web

I found this circuit for an s meter and put it together on a small breadboard and used an old s/swr meter. It works okay, but it needs some work. I will probably add an swr bridge and use the same meter for both.

smetercircuit

bitx_mod_1_web

I still need to put it all together in a box. I looked at buying a bending brake and some sheet metal, but it was just too pricey for me at the moment. I did find an old rack mount firewall that has a built in 12v power supply that I may try to use if I can fit everything inside.

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Month: November 2016

bitx mods